核安全 (NUCLEAR SAFETY)
确保核设施的正常运行,预防或减少事故后果。以保护现场工作人员,居民和环境免受辐照损伤。
设计基准事故(DESIGN BASIS ACCIDENT)
针对按已定的设计准则而设计的电站的事故工况。例如失水事故(LOCA),蒸汽发生器传热管破裂事故(RTGV)等
(Accident conditions against which the nuclear power plant is designed according to established design criteria )
能动部件(ACTIVE COMPONENT)
需要依靠外力输入,如机械运动,电能供给等,从而完成其功能的部件叫能动部件。如:泵,风机,继电器,传感器等。
非能动部件(PASSIVE COMPONENT)
不需外力输入即可完成其功能的部件叫非能动部件。如:热交换器,容器,电器柜等。
共模故障(COMMON CAUSE FAILURE)
由于单一的特定事件或原因而引起的一系列设施或设备的故障叫共摸故障。如:火灾,设计错误等。
(The failure of a number of devices or components to perform their functions as a result of a single specific event or cause )
安全系统(SAFETY SYSTEM)
安全相关的系统,用于反应堆停运或堆芯余热导出,或限制事故的后果。如:安注系统(RIS),安全壳喷淋系统(EAS)等。
保护系统(PROTECTIVE SYSTEM )
包括所有电气,机械设备和线路,从传感器到执行机构的输入端,用于产生保护信号的系统。如:RPR
(A system which encompasses all electrical and mechanical devices and circuitry , from sensors to actuation device input terminals , involved in generating those signals associated with the protective function